the 3 تَنوين
1611 ً - فَتْحَتان
1612 ٌ - ضَمَّتان
1613 ٍ - كَسْرَتان
1614 َ - فَتْحَة
1615 ُ - ضَمَةّ
1616 ِ - كَسْرَة
1617 ّ - شَدَّة
1618 ْ - سُكون
1619 ٓ - مَدّة
1620 ٔ - هَمْزَة
1646 - ٮ
1648 ٰ - أَلِف قَصيرَة
1649 ٱ - هَمزةُ الوَصْل
1589 ص - صاد
1590 ض - ضاد
1591 ط - طاء
1592 ظ - ظاء
1593 ع - عَيْن
1594 غ - غَيْن
1601 ف - فاء
1602 ق - قاف
1603 ك - كاف
1604 ل - لام
1605 م - ميم
1606 ن - نون
1607 ه - هاء
1608 و - واو
1609 ى - أَلِف مَقصورَة
1610 ي - ياء
1569 ء - هَمْزَة
1570 - آ
1571 - أ
1575 ا - أَلِف
1576 ب - باء
1577 ة - تاء مَربوطَة
1578 ت - تاء
1579 ث - ثاء
1580 ج - جيم
1581 ح - حاء
1582 خ - خاء
1583 د - دال
1584 ذ - ذال
1585 ر - راء
1586 ز - زَيْن
1587 س - سين
1588 ش - شين
Rammuny (unicode)
Lessons 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9 / 10 / 11 / 12 / 13 / 14 / 15 / 16 / 17 / 18 / 19 / 20unicode information at left is from
http://www.library.upenn.edu/sitedocs/tutorials/charentities/charentity-he-ar.html
Decimal versions provided should be placed between "&#" and ";" in html. View page source of this page to see how these are used. Note each R-to-L word needs to be entered L-to-R and the rendering will reverse it.
Note too that renderings inconsistently match the Rammuny text.
This is a private copy, intended to accompany the Raji M. Rammuny
text Arabic Sounds And Letters, 2006
This lesson introduces three Arabic letters: the consonant دال pronounced د like d in 'door', the long vowel أَلِف pronounced ا like a in 'man', and the consonant راء pronounced ر as r in red'.
The two words ('at the top'), دار meaning 'house', and رادار meaning 'radar', contain the three new letters. Repeat after the instructor. [0:37]دار رادار
[0:44] Pronunciation — Listen to the following syllables containing the letters you have just learned. [0:50]
دا را را دا
[0:58] Now listen and repeat after each syllable.
[1:13] Reading — The two words given here are read دار , رادار . Repeat.
[1:27] Writing — First trace over, then copy the letters or words in the writing exercises following the directions indicated by the arrows. Sound out each letter or word as you make it and remember to start at the right and work left. Write on the center line only.
[1:45] Vocabulary — Repeat after the instructor.house دار
radar رادار
[1:58] Letters — Repeat the names of each letter after it is read on the tape: أَلِف , دال , راء .
ا د ر
This lesson introduces the long vowel واو pronounced و as in the English word 'moon', the consonant زَيْن pronounced ز like z in 'zero', and the short vowel sign فَتْحَة pronounced َ as in the English word 'cut'. Listen to the pronunciation of these two letters and فَتْحَة in the three Arabic words at the top and then repeat the words after the instructor. [0:36]
دود دور زَرَد
Pronunciation — First listen but do not repeat. [0:54]
دَ دا دَر دار
رَ را رَد راد
زَ زا زَد زاد
Now repeat after each item. [1:12]
Reading — Pronounce the words in this section as they are read to you on tape. [1:50]
دار دور رادار دور زَرَد
[2:07] Writing — First trace over the letters or words and then complete each line copying the model given. Remember that the letter ز is written exactly like the letter ر except for the dot which is added above it. [2:21]
Vocabulary — Listen and repeat after each item. [2:28]
worms دود
houses دور
(metal) spring زَرَد
[2:40] Letters — Listen to the names of these letters from right to left and then repeat after each letter as usual. [2:48]
ا د ر ز و
[3:02] Signs — Listen to the short vowel sign َ and then repeat.
This lesson presents the consonant باء pronounced ب like b in 'boy', the consonant ذال pronounced ذ like th in 'this', the short vowel sign ضَمَةّ pronounced ُ as in the English word 'put', the sign سكون which indicates the absence of vowels, and the last long vowel ياء pronounced ي as in the English word 'bee'. Listen to the words on page 7 which include the new letters and signs and repeat after the instructor. [0:42]
باب دَرْب ذُباب
داري زَبيب زير
[1:04] Unlike ا, د, ذ, ر and ز which connect to preceding but not to following letters, the letters باء, ياء connect on both sides and therefore have the two shapes given in the boxes. The full shapes are used when the letters باء and ياء are not connected on either side as in the words دَرْب, داري or when they are connected to preceding letters only, as in the word زَبيب . The abbreviated shapes are used when ب, ي are joined to the following letters, as in the words باب, زير or when they are joined on both sides, as in the word زَبيب .
[2:02] Pronunciation — Notice that the long vowels ا and و are pronounced twice as long as the short vowel signs ُ, َ . Listen to the following pairs, paying attention to the short/long vowel contrast. [2:24]
دَ دا دَدَ دادَ دُدُ دودُ
ذَ ذا ذَدَ ذادَ ذُدُ ذودُ
رَ را رَدَ رادَ رُدُ رودُ
زَ زا زَدَ زادَ زُدُ زودُ
Now listen and repeat after each pair. [3:11]
Reading — These words are read as follows. [4:14]
دار دور رادار زَرَد باب
دَرْب ذُباب زَبيب زير داري
[4:49] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual
Notice that the sign سكون ْ is a small circle written above a letter.Vocabulary — The words in this lesson are pronounced: [5:01]
door باب
way, road دَرْب
flies ذُباب
my house داري
raisins زَبيب
urn, vase زير
[5:19] Letters — These letters are...
ا ب د ذ ر ز و ي
[5:43] Signs — The three signs are فَتْحَة, ضَمَةّ and سكون .
ْ ُ َ
First, this lesson includes the new letter تاء , pronounced ت as in the English t in 'two'. Like the connectors ب and ت , ي has the two shapes which appear in the box. Notice that ت is exactly like the letter ب except for the dots. ب has a dot below, ت has two above. Second, we will see that the long vowels واو and ياء can also be used as consonants: وَ and يَ , similar to the English consonants w and y as in 'we' and 'you'. In this lesson, you will also learn the short vowel sign كَسْرَة , pronounced ِ as in 'bit' and the sign شَدَّة , which indicates that the consonant below it is doubled. Notice that the كَسْرَة is placed below the letter and the شَدَّة is placed above the letter that is to be doubled.
Follow in your book as you hear the following words read to you. [1:25]توت بَيْت يَد وَرْد وِداد
راتِب [not in text]
زِرّ بَوّاب
Now listen and repeat. [1:55]
[2:22] Pronunciation — Notice that a doubled consonant in Arabic (consonant with a ّ above it) is pronounced about twice as long as a single consonant.
Listen to the following pairs on tape. [2:36]بَرَد بَرَّد
بَدَر بَدَّر
بَذَر بَذَّر
بَراد بَرَّاد
تُراب تُرَّاب
رَبَت رَبَّت
Now repeat after each pair. [3:10]
[3:42] Reading — Read each of the following words after you hear them pronounced on tape. [3:47]
دار رادار دور دود داري
باب دَرْب زَرَد ذُباب زير
زَبيب توت بَيت يَد وَرْد
وِداد بيتْزا زِرّ بَوَّاب يَدي
بَيْروت ديترويْت رادْيو زايِد راتِب
يَدُ وِداد بَوَّابُ داري بابُ بَيْتي تيت يَزَبيب
[5:23] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual. Sound each item as you copy it.
Word formation — In this exercise, join the letters in each item into words as shown in the first item given as an example.
[5:45] Vocabulary — Listen and repeat after each item. [5:50]
berries توت
house بَيْت
hand يَد
roses وَرْد
Widad (girl's name) وِداد
valley واد
button زِرّ
doorman بَوّاب
Beirut بَيْروت
Detroit ديْترويْب
pizza بيتْزا
Letters — Listen to the following letters and then repeat after each item. [6:28]
ا ب ت د ذ ر ز و ي
Signs — Repeat after each sign. [6:53]
ّ ْ ِ ُ َ
This lesson introduces the letter ثاء pronounced ث as in 'three'. Notice that the letter ثاء has the same shape as the letter تاء except that it has three dots above instead of two. Listen to the words at the top of the page. [0:26]
روث ثَوْب ثَوْر
Now repeat. [0:37]
[0:48] Pattern Practice — Listen to the following pair of words. [0:52]
دار داري
بَيْت بَيْتي
ثَوْب ثَوْبي
ثَوْر ثَوْري
[1:14] Notice that the letter ي at the end of the second word in each pair functions as a possessive pronoun, meaning 'my'. Now listen and repeat after each pair. [1:28]
[1:47] Reading — Follow in your book as you have the pronunciation of the words and phrases in this section. [1:57]
دور باب دَرْب زير توت
بَيْت وِداد بَوَّاب بيتْزا روث
ثَوْب ثَوْر ثابِت ثَوْري ثَوْبي
توت وَزَبيب ثَوْبُ وِداد بَيْتُ زايِد ثَوْبُ روث
بَيْروت وَديترويْت بابُ بَيْتِ راتِب
[3:04] Then repeat after each item. [3:06]
[4:24] Writing — Do this part as usual.
Vocabulary — Listen to each item and then repeat. [4:33]
Ruth روث
dress ثَوْب
bull ثَوْر
Letters — Say the name of each letter after you hear it on tape. [4:47]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز و ي
In this lesson you will learn the letter نون pronounced ن, as n in 'no'. Listen to the words at the top of the page. [0:15]
زَيتون نار بِنْت تين
Now repeat. [0:30]
[0:42] Notice that the letter ن has two shapes. The full shape is used when it is not connected to another letter on either side, or when it is connected only to the preceding letter. The abbreviated shape is used when it is joined to a following letter.
[1:04] Reading — Listen to the following words and phrases and repeat. [1:10]
دار داري زير زيري بَيْت
ثَوْبي زَرَد ذُباب ثَوْر روث
زَبيب يَدي ديترويت ثابِت زايِد
زَيْتون نار بِنْت تين راني
نور نوري رَنا زَيْنَب تورُنْتو
تين وزَيْتون زَيْنَبْ بِنْتُ راني
[2:38] Writing — Copy the letters and words in the book. Notice that the letter ن is not written on the line like the letters ت, ب and ث.
Word formation — Join the letters in each item into words, using the appropriate shapes of letters.
Vocabulary — Listen to each item and repeat. [3:10]
olives زَيتون
fire نار
girl بِنْت
figs تين
Rani (boy's name) راني
Nour (girl's name) نور
Noury (boy's name) نوري
Rana (girl's name) رَنا
Zaynab (girl's name) زَيْنَب
cold بَرْدان
Letters — Listen and repeat as usual. [3:40]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز ن و ي
This lesson introduces the letter فاء, which is pronounced ف like f in 'flag'. Listen to the words at the top of the page. [0:15]
دَفّ دَفْتَر رُفوف
فَريد فَتِن زِفاف
Now repeat the words. [0:35]
[0:53] Notice that the letter فاء has two shapes, depending on where it appears. The full form on the right is used when the فاء is independent or connected only to the preceding letter. The abbreviated form is used when the فاء is connected to the following letter or connected on both sides.
[1:17] Pronunciation — Pay attention to the distinction between the letters ت and ف as you listen to the pronunciation of the following pairs. Then repeat after the tape. [1:37]
ثَوْر فَوْر
ثَريد فَريد
رُثوث رُفوف
وارِث وارِف
[2:04] Reading — Listen to the following items and repeat after each one. [2:08]
دار توت ذُباب زَيْنَب زَيْتُون
نوري باب ثَوْر بَوَّاب بَيْت
دَرْب زير دور زايِد راديو
تين زَبيب روث نوري راني
بِنْت نار ثَوْب دَفّ دَفْتَر
رُفوف فَريد فاتِن زِفاف فادي
زِفاف فَريد وَفاتِف دَفْتَر نوري روث بِنْتُ فَريد
[4:03] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual, including the word formation exercises.
Vocabulary — Listen and repeat after each word. [4:18]
tambourine دَفّ
notebook دَفْتَر
shelves رُفوف
Farid (boy's name) فَريد
Fatin (girl's name) فَتِن
wedding reception زِفاف
Fadi (boy's name) فادي
[4:42] Letters — Listen and repeat. [4:49]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز ف ن و ي
This lesson introduces two new letters: the letter كاف, pronounced ك as in the English word 'key', and the letter قاف, pronounced ق which is roughly similar to the pronunciation of the letter 'c' in the English word 'cod'.
The letter قاف is pronounced much farther back in the throat than is the letter كاف. These two letters are connectors and have two shapes. The first shape is used when the letter appears alone or is only connected to the previous letter. The second shape occurs when it is connected to the following letter or on both sides.
Follow in your book as the words in this lesson are read to you. Then repeat after each word. [0:54]ديك كِتاب يَكْتُب بَنك
فُندُق فاروق نُقود رَفيق
[1:24] Pronunciation — Listen to the following pairs of words. The first contains a كاف while the second has a قاف.
[1:36]كَدَر — قَدَر
كاف — قاف
كوت — قوت
بَكَر — بَقَر
رَكَد — رَقَد
تَكَرَّر — تَقَرَّر
بَرَك — بَرَق
دَرَك — دَرَق
دَكّ — دَقّ
Now repeat after each pair. [2:22]
[3:08] Reading — Repeat each of the following words after you hear it read on the tape. [3:14]
توت دار بِنت وَرد نار كِتاب
دَفتَر زِفاف تين دَرب فَريد فُندُق
زَينَب يَكتُب فاروق راديو نوري ديك
نُقود بَنْك كَباب راتِب كاف قاف
[4:33] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual, including the word formation and supplying the words which represent the four pictures on page 30.
Crossword Puzzle — Fill in the blanks with the words representing the pictures given below.
[4:58] Copy — Repeat after the tape and then copy these two phrases. [5:03]
كِتابُ رَفيق فُنْدُقُ فَريد
[5:15] Vocabulary — Repeat after each item. [5:20]
peacock ديك
book كِتاب
he writes يَكْتُب
bank بَنك
hotel فُندُق
boy's name فاروق
money نُقود
boy's name رَفيق
to say قال / يَقول
big كَبير
the letter كاف ك
the letter قَاف ق
Letters — The names of these letters are... [5:51]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز ف ق ك ن و ي
This lesson introduces the consonant لام, pronounced ل like l in 'leaf'. Follow in your book as you listen to the words on the tape. [0:13]
بُرْتُقال وَلَد كَلْب فِيل
تِلِفون دولار فَلافِل دَلال
Now repeat each word. [0:34]
[0:58] Notice that the letter لام has three shapes. The full shape on the right in the box is used when لام is not connected to other letters, or when it is connected only to the preceding letter. The second shape is used when لام is connected to the following letter or when it is connected to both the preceding and following letters. The third shape is used only when the لام is followed by an أَلِف.
Pronunciation — Arabic لام is not pronounced exactly the same as English l, especially after vowels. لام is considered lighter or clearer than English l.
[1:47] Reading — Read each of the following items after listening to its pronunciation. [1:51]
دار وَرْد دَرْب ثَوْر زَيْنَب ديك
فيل يَكْيُب زَيْتون وَلَد دولار زِرّ
ديك بَنْك فاتِن زِفاف رُفوف دَفّ
كَلْب وَلَد تِلِفون كوكاكولا فَلافِل دَلال
فاروق لُبْنان تِلِفزْيون كَباب بِلال ليبيا
كَلْبُ رَفيق وَلَد وَبِنْت كَباب وَفَلافِل
[3:41] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual, paying special attention to the combination لا.
Crossword Puzzle — Fill in the blanks with words representing the pictures given below.
Vocabulary — Listen and repeat. [4:01]
oranges بُرْتُقال
boy وَلَد
dog كَلْب
elephant فِيل
telephone تِلِفون
dollar دولار
Falafil فَلافِل
Dalal (girl's name) دَلال
Lebanon لُبْنان
Libya ليبيا
milk (not on tape) لَبَن
[4:34] Letters — Listen and repeat after each item. [4:40]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز ف ق ك ل ن و ي
The letter ميم pronounced م like English m in 'moon' is a connector and has two shapes as indicated in the box.
Pronounce the eight words at the top as they are read to you on tape. [0:20]قَدَم قَلَم مَكْتَب قَمَر
فَمّ مَوْز مَلِك يَنام
[0:48] Reading — Repeat after each item. [0:51]
وَلَد تين ديك نُقود دولار فيل
بُرْتُقال رُفوف فَلافِل مَكْتَب رَفيق تِلِفون
نوري قَدَم دَلال قَمَر ميم بِنْت
فاتِن كَلْب مَوْز مَلِك رُفوف نون
قَلَم فَمّ يَنام كوكاكولا لُبنان ليبيا
مَكْتَبُ فاروق قَلَمُ نوري يَنامُ بِلال
كَمال مِن لُبْنان دَلال في ليبيا
[2:51] Writing — The first shape is used when ميم is independent or when it is connected to a preceding letter; the second shape is used when ميم occurs joined to a following letter or connected on both sides.
Do all the writing exercises including the word formation exercise.[3:20] Vocabulary — Listen and repeat. [3:23]
foot قَدَم
pencil قَلَم
desk - office مَكْتَب
moon قَمَر
mouth فَمّ
the letter ميم م
Kamal (boy's name) كَمال
from مِن
in في
number (not on tape) رَقَم
near (not on tape) قَريب
drill (not on tape) تَمرين
[3:52] Letters — These letters are read from right to left as follows. [3:58]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز ف ق ك ل م ن و ي
This lesson includes two new letters: سين, pronounced س as in 'sad'. Listen to the pronunciation of the four words at the top. [0:18]
مُدَرَّس كُرْسي فُسْتان سامِي
Now repeat. [0:30]
[0:43] Notice that the letter سين has two shapes, depending on its position in the word. The full shape is used when it is not connected on either side, as in the word مُدَرَّس, or when it is connected to a preceding letter, as we will see later. The abbreviated shape, however, is used when س is joined to other letters on both sides, as in the words سامِي and فُسْتان.
The second Arabic letter شين, pronounced ش as in English 'she', has two shapes exactly like سين except for the three dots above ش. Study these letters in the words below and then repeat the words after the instructor reads them on tape. [1:36]فِراش شاي ريش شَرْق شَمال
[1:53] Reading — Listen to the pronunciation of the following items and then repeat after each word. [2:01]
وَلَد تين بُرْتُقال تَدَم نون كَلب
مُدَرَّس سين لُبْنان تونِس ليبيا باريس
مَكْتَب فِراث دَلال قَلَم سورِيّا رُفوف
فَمّ مَوْز كُرْسي فُسْتان راشِد قَمَر
فَلافِل شاي بيبسْي شَرْق سامي بَسَّام
دَفْتَر زِفاف ريش كوكاكولا شَمال نُقود
باريس في فَرَنسا سامي من سورِيّا نوري في تونِس
[4:06] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual including the completion and word formation exercises.
Copy — Copy the following two sentences after you hear them on tape. [4:22]
راشِد مِن سورِيّا نانْسي في تونس
[4:37] Pattern Practice — Combine the nouns in this exercise with the suffixed pronouns, كَ meaning 'your (masculine),' and كِ meaning 'your (feminine).' Follow the examples given.
Vocabulary — Listen and repeat after each word. [5:02]
teacher مُدَرَّس
chair كُرْسي
dress فُسْتان
Tunis تونِس
Sami (boy's name) سامِي
Bassam (boy's name) بَسَّام
Syria سورِيّا
France فَرَنسا
Paris باريس
sugar سُكَّر
get well soon سَلامتَك
money فُاوس
the letter سين س
bed فِراش
tea شاي
feathers ريش
east شَرْق
north شَمال
Rashid (boy's name) راشِد
the letter شين ش
Marrakish (city in Morocco) مَرَّاكِش
Damascus دِمَشْق
[6:12] Letters — Repeat after the tape. [6:14]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز س ش ف ق ك ل م ن و ي
This lesson introduces the letter صاد pronounced ص. This sound is darker than the similar sound سين and also than the English sound s. It is made by pronouncing س while tensing the muscles in the throat and rounding the lips slightly. Notice that ص takes back vowels while س takes front vowels. First listen to the new words in this lesson. [0:33]
باص بَصَل صابون
صوص صُنْدُوق قَصير
Now repeat. [0:54]
[1:18] Notice the two shapes of صاد in the box. The first is used when the صاد is connected only to the letter before it or when it is not connected at all. The second shape is used in all other positions.[1:33] Pronunciation — Listen to the following pairs of words. The first contains a سين and the second a صاد.
[1:46]سَد — صَد
ساد — صاد
سور — صور
سين — صين
نَسْر — نَصْر
يَسوم — يَصوم
يَسير — يَصير
نَسيب — نَصيب
مَسّ — مَصّ
باس — باص
سوس — صوص
مَسّاس — مَصّاص
[2:30] Now repeat after each pair, making sure that you make a difference between the سين and the صاد.
[2:38][3:38] Reading — Listen to the pronunciation of each of the following items and then read them from the book. [3:46]
سامي كَباب دولار ثَوْب صُندوق وَلَد
صوص صاد فُنْدُق صابون بَسَّام ناصِر
تونِس زَيْتون باريس ديك بَنْك بيتْزا
سورِيّا بَصَل كَباب دارُكَ بَيْتي تين
فُستاني مَكْتَبُكَ نار كَلْب رادار زَرَد
باص بيبْسي كُرْسي نُتودُك ديك راديو
ناصِر مِن مِصْر فاروق قَصير يَكْتُبُ سامي صاد وَسين
[6:07] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual.
Copy — Copy the sentences in the book after the instructor reads them. [6:16]
ناصِر مِن مِصْر بَسَّام وَلَد قَصير
[6:28] Vocabulary — Listen to each word and then repeat. [6:32]
bus باص
onions بَصَل
soap صابون
chick صوص
box صُنْدُوق
short قَصير
Nasir (boy's name) ناصِر
Sabri (boy's name) صَبْري
Egypt مِصْر
class صَف / فَصل
the letter صاد ص
[7:03] Letters — Listen to the name of each letter and then repeat. [7:07]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز س ش ص ف ق ك ل م ن و ي
This lesson introduces the letter ضاد pronounced ض. Like صاد, this letter is darker than the English d or the Arabic letter دال. It is produced by pronouncing a دال while tensing the muscles of the throat and rounding the lips slightly. Like ص and ض, س takes back vowels and د takes front vowels. Listen to the words at the top of the page. [0:35]
رِياض فَاضِل تَفَضَّل بَيْض
Now repeat. [0:49]
Notice in the box that the letter ضاد has the same shapes as the letter صاد except that it has a dot above it.[1:13] Pronunciation — Listen to the difference between the following pairs of words. The first of each pair has a دال while the second has a ضاد .
[1:28]دَرْب — ضَرْب
دام — ضام
دُم — ضُم
نَدَب — نَضَب
مَدار — مَضار
يَدوم — يَضوم
رَدَّ — رَضَّ
فَرْد — فَرْض
رُدود — رُضوض
Now repeat after each pair, making sure that you make a difference between دال and ضاد.
[2:14][2:56] Reading — Read each of the following items after you hear it pronounced on the tape. [3:02]
دور ذُباب وَرْد توت ثَوْر تين
دَفّ رُفوف فَلافِل وَلَد بُرْتُقال مَلِك
يَنام فَمّ مَوْز شاي سامي مَرَّاكِش
شاي مُدَرَّس بَصَل مِصْر فاروق رِياض
ريش تَفَضَّل فاضِل ثَوْب باريس ثَرْق
بَيْض شَمال صَبْري ناصِر راثِد شين
تونِس شَمال ليبيا راشِد مُدَرّس مِن لُبنان
! دِمَشق في سورِيّا تَفَضَّل يا بَسَّام
[5:15] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual.
Copy — Repeat after the instructor and then copy in your book. [5:25]
فَلافِل وَزَيْتون وَبَيْض فاضِل وَرِياض مِن مِصْر
[5:37] Vocabulary — Listen to each word and then repeat. [5:41]
Riyad (boy's name) رِياض
Fadil (boy's name) فَاضِل
please, if you please تَفَضَّل
eggs بَيْض
sick مَريض
[5:58] Letters — Say the name of each letter after you hear it on the tape. [6:02]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ف ق ك ل م ن و ي
This lesson introduces two letters طاء, pronounced ط as in English 'Tom'. This letter, like others we have learned, is darker than the letter تاء or the English t. It is produced by pronouncing a تاء while constricting the muscles of the throat and rounding the lips slightly. Remember to use back vowels with ط and front vowels with ت. Listen to the words at the top of the page. [0:39]
ضابِط طالِب طَبيب بَطاطا
Now repeat each word. [0:56]
This letter has only one shape, as you can see in the box.
The second letter is ظاء pronounced ظ. This is the 'dark' counterpart of the letter ذال.
Listen to the words at the bottom of the page. [1:24]ظُفْر ناظور ظافِر طَويل
Now repeat after each word. [1:38]
The letter ظاء has the same shape as the letter طاء except that it has a dot on the top.Pronunciation — Part I: The following pairs of words contrast the letters تاء and طاء. Listen to these pairs. [2:10]
تَل — طَل
توب — طوب
تين — طين
فَتَر — فَطَر
فاتِن — فاطِن
فُتور — فُطور
بَتّ — بَطّ
نَبَت — نَبَط
قوت — قوط
Now repeat after each pair, making sure to make a difference between these two sounds. [2:53]
[3:38] Part II: Listen to the contrasts between ذال and ظاء.
[3:51]ذَلّ — ظَلّ
ذَرْف — ظَرْف
نَذَر — نَظَر
نَذير — نَظير
فَذّ — فَظّ
[4:15] Now repeat after each pair supplying back vowels with ظاء and front vowels with ذال.
[4:24]
[4:46] Reading — Read each item after you hear it pronounced on the tape. [4:51]زَرَد دَرب بَيْت ثَوْب زَيْتون رُفوف
بَنْك كاف فيل دولار قَدَم ناظور
فِراش تَفَضَّل فُستان شَمال كُرسي باب
قَصير طَويل طالِب بَيْض صوص صُنْدوق
لُطفي بَطاطا فَلافِل ضاد مِصْر نار
ضابِط طَماطِم ظُفْر طَبيب ناصِر صاد
ظافِر طالِب مِن قَطَر بَطاطا وَبَصَل وَطماطِم
لُطفي طَبيب في دِمَشق ظُفْرُ وِداد طَويل
[7:06] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual.
Vocabulary — Listen to each word and then repeat. [7:18]
officer ضابِط
student طالِب
(medical) doctor طَبيب
potatoes بَطاطا
nail ظُفْر
binoculars ناظور
tomatoes طَماطِم
tall طَويل
Qatar قَطَر
table طاوِلَة
good طَيّب
thirsty عَطشان
nice, kind لَطيف
[7:54] Letters — Say the name of each letter and then repeat. [7:58]
ا ب ت ث د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ف ق ك ل م ن و ي
In this lesson, the letter جيم is introduced. This letter is pronounced ج as in the English word 'Jim'. Listen to the words on tape and follow in your book. [0:19]
دَجاج جَزَر جَمَل جَنوب
مَسجِد باذِنْجان يَجْلِس نَجيب
Now repeat after each word. [0:44]
[1:08] Notice in the box the two main shapes of the letter جيم. The first is used when it is alone or when it is connected to a preceding letter. The second is used when there is a following letter or when it is connected on both sides.[1:27] Reading — Read each of the following items after you hear them pronounced on the tape. [1:33]
باب توت ثَوْب دَجاج رِياض طالِب
نار نون جيم وَاَد بُرْتُقال مَسْجِد
باذِنْجان تين يَنام يَكْتُب يَجْلِس قَلَم
دِمَشْق مِصْر كُرْسي بَطاطا قَطَر مَوْز
باص مُدَرَّس شَرْق شَمال جَنوب بَيْض
طَماطِم جَزَر جَمَل صابون فَمّ نَجيب
مُدَرَّ سُكَ نَجيب مِن جَنوب تونِس
طَماطِم وَجَزَر وَبَصَل وَباذِنْجان وَفِجل
يَجْلِسُ فاضِل في مَسْجِد جَمال
[3:50] Writing — Do the writing exercises including the word formation exercise.
Copy — Copy the sentences in the book after you it them pronounced. [4:02]
مُدَرَّ سُكَ نَجيب مِن جَنوب قَطَر
Pattern Practice — Combine the nouns in this exercise, first with the suffixed pronouns كَ ,ي and كِ and then with the suffixed pronoun نا meaning 'our'.
[4:28] Vocabulary — Listen and repeat after each item. [4:34]
chicken دَجاج
carrots جَزَر
camel جَمَل
south جَنوب
mosque مَسجِد
eggplant باذِنْجان
to sit يَجْلِس
Najib (boy's name) نَجيب
new جَديد
beautiful جَميل
good (not on tape) جَيّد
neighbor (not on tape) جار
homework (not on tape) واجِب
[5:05] Letters — Listen to the name of each letter and then repeat. [5:09]
ا ب ت ث ج د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ف ق ك ل م ن و ي
This lesson introduces two letters: the letter خاء, pronounced خ as in the English 'yeach'. This sound is produced by bringing the back of the tongue close to the back part of the roof of the mouth and blowing air through the narrow passageway thus created.
Listen to the words at the top of the page. [0:27]خوخ خِيار مَطْبَخ
Now repeat after each word. [0:39]
[0:47] Notice that the shapes of the letter خاء are exactly the same as those of the letter جيم except that خاء has a dot above whereas جيم has a dot below.
The second letter is غَيْن pronounced غ . This letter is produced like the خاء except that the vocal cords should be vibrating when the غَيْن is pronounced. Listen to the words at the bottom of the page. [1:18]فارِغ غَزال بَغداد رُسغ
Now repeat after each word. [1:33]
[1:45] The letter غَيْن has four shapes. The first on the right is used when it is not connected on either side. The second is used when it is connected only to the following letter. The third is used when it is connected on both sides, while the fourth is used when connected only to the preceding letter.[2:09] Pronunciation — The following pairs of words contrast the letters خاء and غَيْن . Listen and repeat after each pair. [2:20]
خَفَر — غَفَر
خار — غار
خِلاف — غِلاف
خَيْر — غَيْر
شَخَر — شَغَر
مَخالِب — مَغالِب
يَخِل — يَغِل
يَخور — يَغور
ساخ — ساغ
فَرَّخ — فَرَّغ
فُروخ — فُروغ
يَسيخ — يَسيغ
[3:22] Reading — Read each item after hearing it pronounced on the tape. [3:27]
دَرْب ثَوْر دور بَيْض خوخ يَجلِس
رِياض شَرق فِراش بَصَل طَماطِم ضابِط
جَزَر خِيار رُسْغ مَلِك مَوْز قَدَم
بَنْك قَمَر ثَمال مَطبَخ ظافِر طَبيب
غَزال بَغْداد مَدِرَّس ناظور فارِغ طَويل
صُنْدوق فارِغ شَرْق وَغَرْب وَشَمال وَجَنوب
لانْسِنْغ غَرب فْلِنْت غَزال وَفيل وَثَوْر وَديك
[5:23] Writing — Do all the writing exercises including the completion and word formation.
Vocabulary — Listen to each word and then repeat. [5:37]
peach; plum خوخ
cucumber خِيار
kitchen مَطْبَخ
empty فارِغ
gazelle, deer غَزال
Baghdad بَغداد
wrist رُسغ
Fakhri (boy's name) فَخري
Benghazi (city in Libya) بَنْغازي
brother أَخ
sister أُخت
news خَبَر
small (not on tape) صَغير
strange (not on tape) غَريب
room (not on tape) غُرفَة
the letter خاء خ
the letter غَيْن غ
[6:14] Letters — Repeat the name of each letter after you hear it on tape. [6:18]
ا ب ت ث ج خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ غ ف ق ك ل م ن و ي
In this lesson you will learn three letters: هاء, حاء and تاء مَربوطَة .
حاء is pronounced ح. It is produced by pronouncing the letter h while constricting the throat very tightly. The back part of the tongue must be kept as low as possible. Listen to the words at the top of the page. [0:32]تُفّاح حُمُّص لَحْم بَلَح
Now repeat after each word. [0:48]
Notice that the letter حاء has the same shapes as the letters جيم and خاء except without the dots.
The second letter, هاء is pronounced ه as in 'hat'. Listen to the four words at the bottom of the page. [1:20]مِياه هَرَم نَهْر فَواكِه
Now repeat after each word. [1:35]
Notice that هاء has four shapes. In the box at the right is the shape of هاء when it is alone (ه). The second shape is used when هاء occurs joined to a following letter. The third shape is used when هاء is connected on both sides. The fourth shape is used when it is connected to a preceding letter.
[2:18] The third letter is تاء مَربوطَة . This letter can only occur as the last letter in the word. Notice that it has the same shapes as the final shape of the letter هاء except that تاء مَربوطَة has two dots. The تاء مَربوطَة is pronounced exactly like a regular تاء (except in pause form, where it is not pronounced at all). The تاء مَربوطَة is the marker of feminine words in Arabic.
Listen to each word at the top of the next page. [2:56]بَقلاوَة قَهوَة سَلَطَة بَيْضَة
Now repeat. [3:09]
[3:22] Pronunciation — The following pairs of words contrast the letters حاء and هاء .
Listen to each pair and repeat. be sure to make a difference between the هاء and the حاء .
[3:40]هَرَم — حَرَم
هامِد — حامِد
هُبوب — حُبوب
نَهْر — نَحْر
مَها — مَحا
يَهود — يَحود
بَلَه — بَلَح
نابِه — نابِح
تَفوه — تَفوح
[4:24] Reading — Read each of the following items after hearing them pronounced on tape. [4:31]
كُرْسي سورِيّا فَريد دَفّ قَهْوَة لَحْم
فَواكِه بَلَح خِيار دولار بِنت تِلِفون
توت فَلافِل بَيْضَة بَيْض غَرب ريش
تين بُرتُقال هَرَم مِياه صُندوق سَلَطَة
فيل غَزال كَلب نَهر حُمّص
يَنام تُفّاح مَوز بَقْلاوَة دَفْتَر فاروق
بَلَح وَتُفّاح وَخِيار وَبُرتُقال بَقْلاوَة لُبْنانِيَّة سَلَصَة وَفَواكِه
قَهْوَة يَمَنِيَّة
[6:44] Writing — Do all the writing exercises including the word formation.
Pattern Practice — You already know that the combination كِتاب plus the suffixed pronouns كِ, كَ, ي mean 'my book', 'your (masculine) book', and 'your (feminine) book' respectively. In this lesson كِتاب + the suffixed pronoun ه means 'his book' and كِتاب + the suffixed pronoun ها means 'her book'. Repeat after the tape. [7:30]
ي
كَ
كِ
ه
ها+
كِتاب
[7:44] Vocabulary — Listen to each word and then repeat. [7:50]
apples تُفّاح
chick peas حُمُّص
meat لَحْم
dates بَلَح
dear, lover حَبيب
polite form of address حَضرِتَك
milk حَليب
friend صاحِب
waters مِياه
pyramid هَرَم
river نَهْر
story قِصَّة
baklava بَقلاوَة
coffee قَهوَة
salad سَلَطَة
egg بَيضَة
fruit فَواكِه
page صَفحَة
he هُوَ
she هِيَ
paper وَرَقَة
library مَكتَبَة
word كَلِمَة
test, exam امتِحان
building بِنايَة
university جامِعَة
the letter حاء ح
the letter هاء ه
the tied تاء مَربوطَة ة
Letters — Listen and repeat. [8:25]
ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي
This lesson introduces the letter عَيْن and the sign هَمْزَة . The letter عَيْن, pronounced ع, is produced by constricting the muscles of the throat and making a gagging noise. Listen to the words at the top of the page. [0:23]
شارِع عِنَب شَعْر نَعْنَع
Now repeat after each word. [0:37]
The letter عَيْن has four shapes: the first on the right, is used when it is not connected on either side. The second is used when it is connected only to the following letter. The third is used when it is connected on both sides, while the fourth is used when connected only the preceding letter.
The sign هَمْزَة, pronounced ء, appears by itself as in the first word ماء or over the long vowel ا accompanied by the other short vowel signs
كَسْرَة , ضَمَةّ , فَتْحَة , or the سكون in which case the ا is not pronounced, but rather serves as a seat for the هَمْزَة. Study the four words at the bottom including هَمْزَة over an أَلِف as they are read to you, and then repeat after each item. [1:53]ماء أَنْف رَأْس أُذْن
[2:06] Pronunciation — You will hear pairs of words contrasting the sounds of هَمْزَة and عَيْن . Listen to these pairs. [2:19]
أَم — عَم
أَسير — عَسير
أَلَم — عَلَم
أَمَل — عَمَل
وَأْد — وَعْد
سَأَل — سَعَل
داٮِٔم — دعِم
سُؤال — سُعال
جاء — جاع
قَرَأ — قَرَع
نَبَأ — نَبَع
سَماء — سَماع
Now repeat after each pair. [3:10]
[4:10] Reading — Read each of the following items after hearing them pronounced on tape. [4:16]حُمُّص لُبنان سورِيّا مِصْر عِنَب أَنْف
ثَوْب دَرْب بَيْض فَلافِل شارِع بَصَل
مَكْتَب يَدُها داري فيل بُرْتُقال قَصير
مِصْر ناصِر جامِع رَأْس أُذْن غَزال
مَطْبَخ دَفتَرُكَ طَبيبُهُ لَحْم هَرَم بَقْلاوَة
قَهْوَة أَنْف ماء شَعْرُها تَجْلِس جَنوب
أَنْف نَجيب قَصير شَعْر فاطِمَة طَويل
شارِعُ فِلَسْطين في عَمّان جامِعُ ناصر في مِصْر
[6:45] Writing — Do the writing exercises as usual. be sure to notice the differences in the four shapes of the عَيْن .
Copy — Copy the two sentences after hearing them read by the instructor. [7:03]
شَعْرُ فاطِمَة قَصير شارِعُ فِلَسْطين في عَمَّان
[7:18] Words Representing Pictures — Write the Arabic words which represent the five pictures on the right.
Vocabulary — Listen and repeat as usual. [7:34]
street شارِع
grapes عِنَب
hair شَعْر
mint نَعْنَع
water ماء
nose أَنْف
head رَأْس
ear أُذْن
on عَلى
wide واسِع
far بَعيد
hungry جَوعان
angry زَعلان
pita bread خُبز عَربي
happy سَعيد
difficult صَعب
I have عِندي
question سُؤال
airplane (note use of 1646 dotless beh) طاٮِٔرَة
woman اِمرأَة
Amman عَمَّان
America أَمْريكا
the letter عَيْن ع
the sign هَمْزَة ء
[8:16] Letters — Say the name of each letter after you hear it on the tape. [8:20]
ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي
[9:28] Signs — Repeat each sign after the tape. [9:32]
ء ّ ْ ِ ُ َ
This lesson introduces the signs أَلِف قَصيرَة, مَدّة and أَلِف مَقصورَة .
The sign مَدّة always appears over آ and is pronounced like a long ا, as in the first word on the right قُرْآن , meaning 'quran'. Now repeat this word after the tape. [0:30]
The sign أَلِف قَصيرَة is a short أَلِف which is written over consonant letters in a few words. Listen to the pronunciation of the word in the middle هٰذا meaning 'this' and then repeat. [0:52]
The third letter, which has the shape of a ياء without the two dots, is also pronounced like a long أَلِف , as in the name لَيْلى in the phrase on the left
هٰذِهِ لَيْلى .
Now, follow in your book as you hear the pronunciation of the words in this lesson. [1:17]قُرْآن هٰذا هٰذِهِ لَيْلى
Repeat after each item. [1:29]
[1:39] Reading — Listen to each item and then repeat. [1:44]قُرْآن هٰذا قُرْآن لَيْلى هٰذِهِ لَيْلى
موسى هٰذا موسى فاطِمَة هٰذِهِ فاطِمَة
جامِع هٰذا جامِع دور هٰذِهِ دور
هادي هٰذا هادي هُدى هٰذِهِ هُدى
جَمَل هٰذا جَمَل أَن آربَر هٰذِهِ أَن آربَر
[2:42] Copy — First listen to the pronunciation of the following short sentences and then copy each three times. [2:50]
هٰذا قُرْآن هٰذا موسى هٰذِهِ لَيْلى
[3:02] Vocabulary — Listen to each item and then repeat. [3:07]
Qur'an قُرْآن
this (masculine) هٰذا
this (feminine) هٰذِهِ
Layla (girl's name) لَيْلى
Mousa (boy's name) موسى
Huda (girl's name) هُدى
Hadi (boy's name) هادي
Ann Arbor أَن آربَر
miss (not on tape) آنِسَة
but (not on tape) لٰكِن
[3:30] Letters — Repeat the name of each letter after you hear it on the tape. [3:35]
ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي
[4:35] Signs — Repeat each sign after the tape. [4:39]
ء ّ ْ ِ ُ َ
ى ٰ ٓ
In this lesson, we will introduce the three تَنوين signs: فَتْحَتان, ضَمَّتان and كَسْرَتان ; the Arabic definite article اَل and the هَمزةُ الوَصْل sign.
First, the three different signs, which appear at the end of the word كِتاب in the first column, are pronounced in the order they are presented ٌ , ً and ٍ . The final sound ن which you hear at the end follows the short vowels ُ , َ and ِ respectively. The Arabic names for these three signs are ضَمَّتان meaning 'two فَتْحَتان , ضَمَةّ meaning 'two فَتْحَة' and كَسْرَتان meaning 'two كَسْرَة . Now listen to the pronunciation of the three words in the [first] column on the right and repeat after each item. [1:06]كِتابٌ الكِتابُ كِتابُ ٱلوَلَدِ
كِتابًا الكِتابَ كِتابُ ٱلوَلَدِ
كِتابٍ الكِتابِ كِتابُ ٱلوَلَدِ
The Arabic definite article اَل corresponds to the English definite article 'the'. It is spelled with the letter لام + أَلِف and is pronounced اَل . Unlike the English definite article 'the', Arabic اَل is attached onto the front of the noun with which it is combined. Listen to the word الكِتاب in the column in the middle read with the definite article attached to them and then repeat. [1:52]
Notice the absence of تَنوين marks at the end of definite nouns.
As for the هَمزةُ الوَصْل sign ( ٱ ), it usually appears over an initial أَلِف to indicate that it is not to be pronounced. It is only used when the previous word ends in a vowel. Follow in your book as you hear the phrase in the third column on the left read to you. [2:31]Repeat after each item. [2:43]
[2:57] Reading — In this section you will see that half of the letters of the Arabic alphabet, known as الحُروف القَمَريّة or 'moon letters', accept the definite article اَل without changing the pronunciations of the لام . Each of الحُروف القَمَريّة 'the moon letters' is listed, with examples of familiar words with and without the Arabic أداةُ التَعْريف or 'definite article' in the column on the right side. Listen to each pair and then repeat. [3:34]
الحُروف الشَمْسيّة
ت توت التّوت
ث ثَوْب الثَّوْب
د دار الدّار
ذ ذُباب الذُّباب
ر ريش الرّيش
ز زَرَد الزَّرَد
س سَلَطَة السَّلَطَة
ش شارِع الشّارِع
ص صُنْدوق الصُنْدوق
ض ضابِط الضّابِط
ط طالِب الطّالِب
ظ ظُفْر الظُّفْر
ل لام اللام
ن نار النار
الحُروف القَمَريّة
ا أَنْف الأَنف
ب بِنْت الْبِنْت
ج جَمَل الْجَمَل
ح حُمُّص الْحُمُّص
خ خوخ الْخوخ
ع عِنَب الْعِنَب
غ غَزال الْغَزال
ف فَلافِل الْفَلافِل
ق قَلَم الْقَلَم
ك كِتاب الْكِتاب
م مَلِك الْمَلِك
ه هَرَم الْهَرَم
و وَاَد الْوَاَد
ي يَد الْيَد
[4:40] In the column on the left side, we list the other half of the Arabic alphabet, known as الحُروف الشَمْسيّة or 'sun letters'. Contrary to the 'moon letters' or الحُروف القَمَريّة , when the definite article اَل is added to words beginning with one of الحُروف الشَمْسيّة , the ل of the definite article is assimilated to the following letter, which is thereby pronounced doubled. Now listen to all the words in the left column read to you in pairs, with and without the definite article. [5:20]
Repeat after each pair. [6:13]
[7:14] Writing — First, follow in your book as you hear the days of the week in Arabic in Drill 1 and the capitals of some Arabic countries in Drill 2 read to you. Then sound out the items in each drill as you copy them. [7:36]السَّبْت الأَحَد الأِثنَين الثُّلاثاء
الأَرْبِعاء الْخَميس الْجُمْعَة
الّرِياض في السُّعودِيَّة الجَرْطوم في السّودان
الَنامَة في البَحرين الّرِباط في الْمَغْرِب
الْقاهِرَة في مِصْر الدَّوْحَة في قَطَر
[8:37] Letters and Signs — On the last page we list all the letters of the alphabet and accompanying signs along with their Arabic names. Follow in your book as you hear them read to you. Then stop the tape and repeat the lists several times until you are sure that you have memorized them. [9:00]
ا — أَلِف
ب — باء
ت — تاء
ث — ثاء
ج — جيم
ح — حاء
خ — خاء
د — دال
ذ — ذال
ر — راء
ز — زَيْن
س — سين
ش — شين
ص — صاد
ض — ضاد
ط — طاء
ظ — ظاء
ع — عَيْن
غ — غَيْن
ف — فاء
ق — قاف
ك — كاف
ل — لام
م — ميم
ن — نون
ه — هاء
و — واو
ي — ياء
َ — فَتْحَة
ُ — ضَمَةّ
ِ — كَسْرَة
ً — فَتْحَتان
ٌ — ضَمَّتان
ٍ — كَسْرَتان
ْ — سُكون
ّ — شَدَّة
ء — هَمْزَة
ٱ — هَمزةُ الوَصْل
ٰ — أَلِف قَصيرَة
ٓ — مَدَّة
ى — أَلِف مَقصورَة
CONGRATULATIONS ON COMPLETING THE ARABIC
SOUNDS AND LETTERS
Introduced in Lesson 1 ا — أَلِف
miss (not on tape) (L. 19) آنِسَة
Ann Arbor (L. 19) أَن آربَر
brother (L. 16) أَخ
sister (L. 16) أُخت
test, exam (L. 17) امتِحان
nose (L. 18) أَنْف
ear (L. 18) أُذْن
woman (L. 18) اِمرأَة
America (L. 18) أَمْريكا
Introduced in Lesson 3 ب — باء
door (L. 3) باب
house (L. 4) بَيْت
doorman (L. 4) بَوّاب
Beirut (L. 4) بَيْروت
pizza (L. 4) بيتْزا
girl (L. 6) بِنْت
bank (L. 8) بَنك
oranges (L. 9) بُرْتُقال
Bassam (boy's name) (L. 11) بَسَّام
Paris (L. 11) باريس
bus (L. 12) باص
onions (L. 12) بَصَل
eggs (L. 13) بَيْض
potatoes (L. 14) بَطاطا
Benghazi (city in Libya) (L. 16) بَنْغازي
eggplant (L. 15) باذِنْجان
Baghdad (L. 16) بَغداد
dates (L. 17) بَلَح
egg (L. 17) بَيضَة
building (L. 17) بِنايَة
far (L. 18) بَعيد
baklava (L. 17) بَقلاوَة
Introduced in Lesson 4 ت — تاء
berries (L. 4) توت
figs (L. 6) تين
the tied (L. 17) تاء مَربوطَة ة
telephone (L. 9) تِلِفون
drill (not on tape) (L. 10) تَمرين
Tunis (L. 11) تونِس
please, if you please (L. 13) تَفَضَّل
apples (L. 17) تُفّاح
Introduced in Lesson 5 ث — ثاء
dress (L. 5) ثَوْب
bull (L. 5) ثَوْر
Introduced in Lesson 15 ج — جيم
carrots (L. 15) جَزَر
camel (L. 15) جَمَل
south (L. 15) جَنوب
new (L. 15) جَديد
beautiful (L. 15) جَميل
good (not on tape) (L. 15) جَيّد
neighbor (not on tape) (L. 15) جار
university (L. 17) جامِعَة
hungry (L. 18) جَوعان
Introduced in Lesson 17 ح — حاء
(L. 17) the letter حاء ح
dear, lover (L. 17) حَبيب
polite form of address (L. 17) حَضرِتَك
milk (L. 17) حَليب
friend (L. 17) صاحِب
chick peas (L. 17) حُمُّص
Introduced in Lesson 16 خ — خاء
(L. 16) the letter خاء خ
peach; plum (L. 16) خوخ
cucumber (L. 16) خِيار
news (L. 16) خَبَر
pita bread (L. 18) خُبز عَربي
Introduced in Lesson 1 د — دال
house (L. 1) دار
worms (L. 2) دود
houses (L. 2) دور
way, road (L. 3) دَرْب
my house (L. 3) داري
Detroit (L. 4) ديْترويْب
tambourine (L. 7) دَفّ
notebook (L. 7) دَفْتَر
peacock (L. 8) ديك
dollar (L. 9) دولار
Dalal (girl's name) (L. 9) دَلال
Damascus (L. 11) دِمَشْق
chicken (L. 15) دَجاج
Introduced in Lesson 3 ذ — ذال
flies (L. 3) ذُباب
Introduced in Lesson 1 ر — راء
radar (L. 1) رادار
Ruth (L. 5) روث
Rani (boy's name) (L. 6) راني
Rana (girl's name) (L. 6) رَنا
cold (L. 6) بَرْدان
shelves (L. 7) رُفوف
boy's name (L. 8) رَفيق
number (not on tape) (L. 10) رَقَم
feathers (L. 11) ريش
Rashid (boy's name) (L. 11) راشِد
Riyad (boy's name) (L. 13) رِياض
wrist (L. 16) رُسغ
head (L. 18) رَأْس
Introduced in Lesson 2 ز — زَيْن
(metal) spring (L. 2) زَرَد
raisins (L. 3) زَبيب
urn, vase (L. 3) زير
button (L. 4) زِرّ
olives (L. 6) زَيتون
Zaynab (girl's name) (L. 6) زَيْنَب
wedding reception (L. 7) زِفاف
angry (L. 18) زَعلان
Introduced in Lesson 11 س — سين
(L. 11) the letter سين س
Sami (boy's name) (L. 11) سامِي
Syria (L. 11) سورِيّا
sugar (L. 11) سُكَّر
get well soon (L. 11) سَلامتَك
salad (L. 17) سَلَطَة
happy (L. 18) سَعيد
question (L. 18) سُؤال
Introduced in Lesson 11 ش — شين
(L. 11) the letter شين ش
tea (L. 11) شاي
east (L. 11) شَرْق
north (L. 11) شَمال
street (L. 18) شارِع
hair (L. 18) شَعْر
Introduced in Lesson 12 ص — صاد
(L. 12) the letter صاد ص
soap (L. 12) صابون
chick (L. 12) صوص
box (L. 12) صُنْدُوق
Sabri (boy's name) (L. 12) صَبْري
class (L. 12) صَف / فَصل
small (not on tape) (L. 16) صَغير
difficult (L. 18) صَعب
page (L. 17) صَفحَة
Introduced in Lesson 13 ض — ضاد
officer (L. 14) ضابِط
Introduced in Lesson 14 ط — طاء
student (L. 14) طالِب
(medical) doctor (L. 14) طَبيب
tomatoes (L. 14) طَماطِم
tall (L. 14) طَويل
table (L. 14) طاوِلَة
good (L. 14) طَيّب
airplane (note use of 1646 dotless beh) (L. 18) طاٮِٔرَة
Introduced in Lesson 14 ظ — ظاء
nail (L. 14) ظُفْر
Introduced in Lesson 18 ع — عَيْن
(L. 18) the letter عَيْن ع
thirsty (L. 14) عَطشان
grapes (L. 18) عِنَب
on (L. 18) عَلى
I have (L. 18) عِندي
Amman (L. 18) عَمَّان
Introduced in Lesson 16 غ — غَيْن
(L. 16) the letter غَيْن غ
gazelle, deer (L. 16) غَزال
strange (not on tape) (L. 16) غَريب
room (not on tape) (L. 16) غُرفَة
Introduced in Lesson 7 ف — فاء
Farid (boy's name) (L. 7) فَريد
Fatin (girl's name) (L. 7) فَتِن
Fadi (boy's name) (L. 7) فادي
hotel (L. 8) فُندُق
boy's name (L. 8) فاروق
elephant (L. 9) فِيل
Falafil (L. 9) فَلافِل
mouth (L. 10) فَمّ
in (L. 10) في
dress (L. 11) فُسْتان
France (L. 11) فَرَنسا
money (L. 11) فُاوس
bed (L. 11) فِراش
Fadil (boy's name) (L. 13) فَاضِل
empty (L. 16) فارِغ
Fakhri (boy's name) (L. 16) فَخري
fruit (L. 17) فَواكِه
Introduced in Lesson 8 ق — قاف
Qur'an (L. 19) قُرْآن
(L. 8) the letter قَاف ق
to say (L. 8) قال / يَقول
foot (L. 10) قَدَم
pencil (L. 10) قَلَم
moon (L. 10) قَمَر
near (not on tape) (L. 10) قَريب
short (L. 12) قَصير
Qatar (L. 14) قَطَر
story (L. 17) قِصَّة
coffee (L. 17) قَهوَة
Introduced in Lesson 8 ك — كاف
book (L. 8) كِتاب
big (L. 8) كَبير
(L. 8) the letter كاف ك
chair (L. 11) كُرْسي
dog (L. 9) كَلْب
Kamal (boy's name) (L. 10) كَمال
word (L. 17) كَلِمَة
Introduced in Lesson 9 ل — لام
Layla (girl's name) (L. 19) لَيْلى
but (not on tape) (L. 19) لٰكِن
Lebanon (L. 9) لُبْنان
Libya (L. 9) ليبيا
milk (not on tape) (L. 9) لَبَن
nice, kind (L. 14) لَطيف
meat (L. 17) لَحْم
Introduced in Lesson 10 م — ميم
Mousa (boy's name) (L. 19) موسى
the letter (L. 10) ميم م
desk - office (L. 10) مَكْتَب
from (L. 10) مِن
teacher (L. 11) مُدَرَّس
Marrakish (city in Morocco) (L. 11) مَرَّاكِش
Egypt (L. 12) مِصْر
sick (L. 13) مَريض
mosque (L. 15) مَسجِد
kitchen (L. 16) مَطْبَخ
waters (L. 17) مِياه
library (L. 17) مَكتَبَة
water (L. 18) ماء
Introduced in Lesson 6 ن — نون
fire (L. 6) نار
Nour (girl's name) (L. 6) نور
Noury (boy's name) (L. 6) نوري
money (L. 8) نُقود
Nasir (boy's name) (L. 12) ناصِر
binoculars (L. 14) ناظور
Najib (boy's name) (L. 15) نَجيب
river (L. 17) نَهْر
mint (L. 18) نَعْنَع
Introduced in Lesson 17 ه — هاء
this (masculine) (L. 19) هٰذا
this (feminine) (L. 19) هٰذِهِ
Huda (girl's name) (L. 19) هُدى
Hadi (boy's name) (L. 19) هادي
the letter (L. 17) هاء ه
pyramid (L. 17) هَرَم
he (L. 17) هُوَ
she (L. 17) هِيَ
Introduced in Lesson 2 و — واو
roses (L. 4) وَرْد
Widad (girl's name) (L. 4) وِداد
valley (L. 4) واد
boy (L. 9) وَلَد
homework (not on tape) (L. 15) واجِب
wide (L. 18) واسِع
paper (L. 17) وَرَقَة
Introduced in Lesson 3 ي — ياء
hand (L. 4) يَد
he writes (L. 8) يَكْتُب
to sit (L. 15) يَجْلِس
Introduced in Lesson 2 َ — فَتْحَة
Introduced in Lesson 3 ُ — ضَمَةّ
Introduced in Lesson 4 ِ — كَسْرَة
Introduced in Lesson 20 ً — فَتْحَتان
Introduced in Lesson 20 ٌ — ضَمَّتان
Introduced in Lesson 20 ٍ — كَسْرَتان
Introduced in Lesson 3 ْ — سُكون
Introduced in Lesson 4 ّ — شَدَّة
Introduced in Lesson 18 ء — هَمْزَة
Introduced in Lesson 20 ٱ — هَمزةُ الوَصْل
Introduced in Lesson 19 ٰ — أَلِف قَصيرَة
Introduced in Lesson 19 ٓ — مَدَّة
Introduced in Lesson 19 ى — أَلِف مَقصورَة
Introduced in Lesson 20 اَل